Gypsum systems

Wet calciferous flue gas desulphurization systems. Typical technological map of flue gas desulphurization plant

The most wide-spread flue gas desulphurization method - is calciferous-gypsum process. Sulfur dioxide in gases reacts with calciferous suspension, which has pH from 5.5 to 6.0, forming calcium sulfide:

SO2 + 3 H2O * SO32-+ 2 H3O + Ca2 + + SO32-+ 2 H2O * CaSO3 * 2 H2O

As a result of oxidation of sulfide by oxygen in clarifier tank of the scrubber gypsum is formed:

CaSO3 + 0,5 O2 + 2 H2O * CaSO4 * 2 H2O

Ions of chloride and fluoride are washed away and removed of clarifier tank together with gypsum.

Existing loads in wet calciferous flue gas desulphurization palnts
  • Hot flue gases (temperature up to 180 ° C)
  • Flue gases with formation of acid condensation
  • Suspension of scrubber (temperatures 45-55 ° C in coal-fired power plants, to 75 ° C - lignite-fired )
  • Purified , steam saturated gases (temperatures 45-55 ° C, in lignite-fired powerstations, to – 75 ° C)
  • Repeatedly heating purified gases (temperatures 70-110 ° C)
Loads in desulphurization scrubbers
Scrubber

Temperature:

Inlet of unpurified gas - 80..180 °C

  • Active environment - Scrubber:
  • Gypsum suspension
  • Dissolved salts (chlorides, sulfides and others.)
  • Gases (SO2, HCl, NOx and ithers
  • Active environment – Head of a scrubber:
  • Water steam (relative humidity 100 %)
  • NOx, residues SO2, HCl and oth.
  • Condensates (indicator pH 0 - 2)

Channels of unpurified gas:

  • Head of gas-gas heater
  • temperature: 130..180 °C
  • chemical loads: when it is turned off, acid condensates will be concentrating (possibility of formation H2SO4)
  • Bottom of gas-gas heater
  • temperature: 80..150 °C
  • chemical loads: condensates of highly concentrated acids
  • Particularly in case of tubular heat exchangers there is a possibility of formation of highly concentrated oxidizing acids, which can damage the coating

Channels of pure gas:

  • Bottom of scrubber
  • temperature: 45..55 °C
  • chemical loads: steam saturated gases, condensates with indicator pH 0 - 2
  • Bottom of heater gas-gas
  • temperature: 90..110 °C, at the bottom of the bypass input to 180 °C
  • chemical loads: when it is turned off acid condensates will be concentrating during exploitation
  • Particularly in case of tubular heat exchangers there is a possibility of formation of highly concentrated oxidizing acids, which can damage the coating

Flue gas duct:

  • Temperatures:
  • without heat exchanger: 45..55 °C
  • with heat exchanger: 90..110 °C
  • bypass part: 130..180 °C
  • Chemical loads
  • Possibility of formation of acid condensates, especially when it during exploitation

Suspension processing installation:

  • Temperature: 55 °C
  • Chemical loads: salt solutions with indicator pH 4-14
  • Mechanical loads: possible erasure, formation of suspension of calx and gypsum
Materials, we offer, are characterized by:
  • High thermal resistance
  • Resistance to thermal shock
  • Low permeability
  • High chemical resistance
  • Resistance to abrasion and erosion
  • Strong adhesion with surfaces of carbon steel or concrete exposed to sand-blast treatment
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